Difference Between Recursion And Iteration

Here, We will learn about recursion, iteration, differences between recursion and iteration and their code in java.

Recursion

Recursion is a technique in which function calls itself until a base condition is satisfied. A recursive method solves a problem by calling a copy of itself to work on a smaller problem

Example Recursion Code in Java:

public static long fib (long n)
{
    if (n <= 1)
        return n;
    else
        return fib (n-1) + fib (n-2);Code language: Java (java)

differences between recursion and iteration, recursion, recursive approach

iteration, iterative approach, differences between recursion and iteration

Iteration is a technique in which function call repeatedly for a finite number of times. It use constructs like loops and sometime other data structures like stacks and queues to solve the problems.

Example Iteration Code in Java:

public static long fib (long n)
{
    if ((n == 1) || (n == 2)){
        return 1;
    }
    else{
        long prev = 1, current = 1, next = 0;
        for (long i=3; i<=n; i++){
            next = prev + current;
            prev = current;
            current = next;
         }
        return next;
    }
}Code language: PHP (php)

Recursion	Iteration
Recursion uses selection structure	Iteration uses repetition structure
It is slower than iteration due to overhead of maintaining stack	It is faster than recursion because it does not use the stack
It uses more memory	It uses less memory.
Infinite recursion can crash the system	Infinite looping uses CPU cycles repeatedly
It makes code smaller	It makes code longer

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Difference Between Recursion and Iteration

Recursion

Example Recursion Code in Java:

Iteration

Example Iteration Code in Java: